Research
Dr. Pirjo Pärnänen, inventor of fermented lingonberry mouthwash
Pirjo Pärnänen (Associate Professor in Oral Microbiology, DMD, PhD) has conducted laboratory studies of fermented lingonberry juice for 15 years, as well as four clinical studies.
Results of studies are stunning
Laboratory and clinical studies have shown a reduction in dental plaque and bleeding of the gums, and additionally antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, and antioxidant properties. Caries-related Streptococcus mutans and candidosis- related Candida levels are reduced as well as periodontal disease- related pathogen levels. Levels of lactobacilli on the other hand are increased, which is thought to be a beneficial probiotic effect balancing the oral microbiota.
Facts don´t lie
Here are some of the studies by Dr. Pirjo Pärnänen..
Pärnänen, P. A preparation for balancing the composition of the oral microbial flora. EP 2585087B1, 2017. https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/042308163/publication/WO2011157898A1?q=WO2011157898A1
Pärnänen, P.; Nawaz, A.; Sorsa, T.; Meurman, J.;Nikula-Ijäs, P. The Effect of Fermented Lingonberry Juice on Candida glabrata Intracellular Protein Expression. International Journal of Dentistry 2017; 6185395. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6185395
Hoornstra, D.; Vesterlin, J.; Pärnänen, P., Al-Samadi, A.; Zlotogorski-Hurvitz, A.; Vered, M; Salo, T. Fermented lingonberry juice inhibits oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma invasion in vitro similarly to curcumin. In Vivo 2018; 32: 1089-1095. https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.11350
Pärnänen, P.; Nikula-Ijäs, P.; Sorsa, T. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory lingonberry mouthwash- a clinical pilot study in the oral cavity. Microorganisms 2019; 7:331. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090331
Pärnänen, P.; Sorsa, T.; Tervahartiala, T.; Nikula-Ijäs, P. Isolation, characterization and regulation of moonlighting proteases from Candida glabrata cell wall. Microb Pathog. 2020 Dec;149:104547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104547
Pärnänen, P.; Lähteenmäki, H.; Räisänen, I.; Tervahartiala, T.; Sorsa, T. Lingonberry polyphenols: Potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors as nutraceutical tools? Physiol Rep. 2021 Feb;9(3):e14741. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.14741
Pärnänen, P.; Lomu, S.; Räisänen, I. T.; Tervahartiala, T.; Sorsa, T. Effects of Fermented Lingonberry Juice Mouthwash on Salivary Parameters-A One-Year Prospective Human Intervention Study. Dent J, 2022, 10(4), 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj10040069
Lähteenmäki, H.; Tervahartiala, T.; Räisänen, I. T.; Pärnänen, P.: Sorsa, T. Fermented lingonberry juice's effects on active MMP-8 (aMMP-8), bleeding on probing (BOP), and visible plaque index (VPI) in dental implants-A clinical pilot mouthwash study. Clin Exp Dent Res, 2022, 10.1002/cre2.638. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.638